Speakers

Pankaj Parnami, Founder & Director, KPO Consultants

Pankaj is the Founder Director of KPO Consultants, a company providing business solutions exclusively to the LPO industry. His expertise encompasses various aspects of the legal outsourcing business—including strategy development, operations management, creating sales and marketing strategies, to name a few—and he has been responsible for facilitating strategic alliances between LPO vendors and law firms in the US, UK, and other buyer markets. His intricate knowledge of the LPO industry is such that the Government of Mauritius has invited him to address its industry leaders on diverse issues such as Building up the LPO Industry in Mauritius; Doing KPO Business in Africa; etc.

Besides managing numerous key conferences on the LPO industry, Pankaj regularly gets invited as speaker in national and international conferences. These are usually organized by esteemed organizations like US Embassy, IACC, ASSOCHAM, PHDCCI, Lexis-Nexis, Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Institute of Company Secretaries of India, etc. The Global LPO Conference in London in March 2011 has created waves all across the UK and European markets under his supervision; This conference was supported by Law Society of England and Wales. Pankaj has been consistently training global lawyers, GCs and outsourcing executives through Webinars every week. Further, Pankaj has authored hundreds of white papers on legal outsourcing and off shoring, and is currently advising some of India’s top research organizations on ‘Future of Legal Offshoring – Global Perspective'. By organizing the Global LPO Conference 2011 in NYC, USA, it is his endeavor to bring buyers and vendors of the LPO industry on a common platform to address their key concerns and enable them to engage in meaningful dialogues to further their business interests.

Pankaj holds an MBA degree with concentrations in Marketing and Finance from IMI, Belgium. He is also an Associate Company Secretary (2001) from Institute of Company Secretaries of India.

Steven C. Bennett, Partner, Jones Day

Steve Bennett's practice at Jones Day focuses on domestic and international commercial litigation and arbitration, including cases involving bankruptcy, construction, corporate, energy, insurance, intellectual property, privacy and data security, and other disputes.

Steve is chair of the Firm's e-Discovery Committee and an active member of the Firm's construction practice team. He co-founded the Sedona Conference Working Group on International E-Discovery. He teaches a course on conflicts of law at Hofstra Law School and co-teaches a course on advanced civil procedure (e-discovery) at New York Law School. He is a qualified arbitrator for the American Arbitration Association and the CPR Institute. Steve serves as hearing officer pursuant to the consent decree in the Civil RICO case of United States v. Local 14-14B, IUOE (E.D.N.Y.) and served two terms as election officer in the case of United States v. District Council of Carpenters (S.D.N.Y.). He taught arbitration law at Brooklyn Law School for nine years.

Steve regularly speaks to a wide array of groups for CLE and other purposes. He has written more than 150 articles on a variety of topics. His book, Arbitration: Essential Concepts (ALM) was published in 2002. His book, A Privacy Primer for Corporate Counsel(Aspatore/West) was published in 2009.

Steve writes a continuing column, "Arbitration," with Professor Samuel Estreicher, which has appeared in the New York Law Journalsince 2004, and his column, "Computer Law," has appeared in the New York State Bar Association Journal since 2009. He blogs occasionally in the "Thinkernet" series at InternetEvolution.com and at NLJ.com.

Mark Ross, Vice President – Legal Solutions, Integreon Managed Solutions

Mark Ross is an experienced UK litigation solicitor and former partner at high profile UK law firm Underwoods Solicitors.

Mark’s involvement in legal outsourcing dates back to January 2004 when Underwoods became the first UK law firm to outsource legal work to a lower cost common law jurisdiction. Chambers Guide refers to Underwoods as “a pioneer of legal offshoring”.

Mark moved to Los Angeles in 2006 as Vice President of Global Sales and Marketing at a niche LPO before joining Integreon in November 2009. He is a recognized authority and thought leader in the field of legal outsourcing. He has been published by, and interviewed for, numerous mainstream and legal publications, including the New York Times, TIME magazine, the UK Law Society Gazette, and the ABA’s Law Practice Management. He is the former Chair of the International Association of Outsourcing Professionals’ Legal Outsourcing Chapter.

He is a recognized expert on the Ethics of Legal Outsourcing, and has written numerous articles and widely acclaimed White Papers dealing with the subject. He developed the first State Bar approved MCLE Ethics course, provided by a legal outsourcing company, on the ethical implications of outsourcing legal work.

Mark’s experience in the field of legal outsourcing is such that he has been invited to address the American Bar Association, UK Law Society, the Solicitor’s Regulation Authority and the International Bar Association.

He has also been invited to speak as a leading authority on legal outsourcing at conferences run by prestigious organizations including: Financial Times, U.C. Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Center for the Legal Profession, Practicing Law Institute, and American Lawyer.

David Perla, Co-Chief Executive Officer, Pangea3

David is a co-founder and Co-CEO of Pangea3, a world leader in India legal process outsourcing (LPO). In this capacity, David oversees Pangea3's U.S. business operations and manages all sales, marketing, and client relationships for Pangea3 on a global basis.

A business affairs executive and a corporate transactional and operational expert, as well as a seasoned corporate lawyer, David was until July 2004 the Vice President - Business & Legal Affairs for Monster, the leading global online careers property, with over 1,000 employees and over $500 million in annual revenue. At Monster, David oversaw all corporate transactions, including mergers and acquisitions, strategic alliances, partnerships and investments. David also built and managed Monster's business affairs/legal department. As head of business and legal affairs at Monster, David oversaw Monster's facilities department, served as a member of Monster's senior management team, reporting to the COO of Monster Worldwide, Inc., and oversaw a $6+ million P&L.

Prior to joining Monster Worldwide, David had a 4-1/2 year career at Katten Muchin Zavis & Rosenman, a prestigious national law firm. At KMZR, David specialized in mergers & acquisitions, corporate financing and media and internet-related corporate and international transactions, including financings, joint ventures, strategic alliances and partnerships. His major clients included Sony Music, Sony Pictures, Sony Online Ventures and SFX Entertainment.

David graduated cum laude from the University of Pennsylvania and later earned his law degree from the University of Pennsylvania, where he was the winner of the school's Keedy Cup Moot Court Competition.

David lectures and is quoted frequently on legal and internet related issues, and was profiled in a July 2002 cover story in the National Law Journal entitled "Riding the Wave." David is a Member of the New York and Massachusetts Bars.

Stephen P. Younger, President, New York State Bar Association

New York attorney Stephen P. Younger took office on June 1, 2010 as the 113th president of the 77,000-member New York State Bar Association. Younger is a partner of Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler, LLP.

Active in the State Bar since 1983, Younger most recently served as president-elect and chaired the House of Delegates and the President’s Committee on Access to Justice. He served as past chair of the Commercial and Federal Litigation Section, and is past chair of the section’s Securities Litigation Committee and Pro Bono and Public Interest Committee. He is a fellow of The New York Bar Foundation.

Younger graduated cum laude from Harvard University in 1977, and earned his law degree magna cum laude from Albany Law School in 1982. He is admitted to practice in the U.S. District Court, Southern and Eastern Districts of New York; District of Colorado; U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit; and U.S. Tax Court.

Peter Pantaleo, Partner, Joint Global Leader, Employment, Pensions and Benefits Group Chair, US Labor and Employment Group, DLA Piper

Peter Pantaleo represents both domestic and international employers in labor, employment, and civil rights matters. While Mr. Pantaleo has substantial experience litigating cases before courts, administrative agencies, and arbitration panels, the principal focus of his practice is advising employers in complex, politically sensitive labor and employment matters. He has represented employers confronted with traditional union organization as well as corporate campaigns. Mr. Pantaleo is recognized as an authority on European Union social policy, a subject on which he has written and lectured extensively.

Mr. Pantaleo has lectured extensively at health care and hospitality conferences, including the American Federation of Health Systems Annual Conference on the emerging significance of corporate campaigns directed at investor-owned hospitals; American Gaming Congress on Title III of the ADA; and Institute of Directors on the European Union's Directives on Worker Participation Schemes. He is a member of the firm’s US Executive Committee and is the managing partner of the firm’s New York office.

In 2007, Mr. Pantaleo was inducted as a Fellow into the College of Labor and Employment Lawyers. The College is an independent organization that recognizes those who, by long and outstanding service, have distinguished themselves as leaders in the field of labor and employment law. Election as a Fellow is the highest recognition by one's colleagues of sustained outstanding performance in the profession, exemplifying integrity, dedication, and excellence. He has also been named a New York Super Lawyer.

In 2008, he began serving a seven-year term as a member of the City University of New York board of trustees. Governor David Paterson nominated him for the post and the New York Senate confirmed the nomination.

David Talley, Global Counsel, Panasonic Electric Works Co. Ltd.

David works as a Global Counsel for Panasonic Electric Works Co. Ltd. and is an expert of Strategic Planning, Development, and Implementation of Legal Services for Global Enterprise. He follows proactive and creative approach to identifying and meeting objectives, focusing on solutions that effectively balance time, quality and cost. He is expert in leveraging technologies to improve communications and deliver consistent solutions across the group. He had Advised and Counseled to the Board, Executive, and Operational Levels of the Enterprise. His goal is to develop and support the truly global enterprise.

David specializes in Group and Global Governance, Compliance and Networking; M&A; Corporate Restructuring; International Joint Ventures, Alliances, Strategic OEM Relationships; Global Agreements; Complex Negotiation.

David L. Stanton, Partner, Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP

Mr. Stanton is a member of the firm's Information Law and Electronic Discovery team. He is recognized as a leading lawyer in the category of "Litigation: E-Discovery Nationwide" by Chambers USA, a legal guide that ranks law firms and lawyers throughout the world based on independent reviews from clients and peers. He has significant experience in all aspects of information management law and e-discovery, and is well-versed in the latest technologies needed to implement effective and comprehensive enterprise-wide programs. He serves as national e-discovery counsel for clients, working closely with in-house counsel and IT professionals, service providers and outside trial teams, to ensure e-discovery process is cost-effective and complies with the rules of civil procedure. He also regularly advises clients on information governance, records retention and disposition, as well as litigation readiness programs and litigation hold procedures.

Mr. Stanton is a partner in Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman's national Litigation Practice section. Through Mr. Stanton's efforts, the firm has launched PEARL, Pillsbury's E-Discovery Alliance of Resource Leaders, a collaboration of lawyers and e-discovery service providers whose mission is to replace the typical ad hoc approach to e-discovery with a reliable, single source solution that improves quality and dramatically reduces overall costs and risks. Mr. Stanton also oversees the firm's nationwide Litigation Support Department, and facilitates Pillsbury's electronic discovery activities across all offices.

Jill Vacchina Dobbs, Director of Membership Services, Sourcing Interests Group

Jill Vacchina Dobbs is Director of Membership Services at Sourcing Interests Group (SIG), has over 15 years of diverse financial, sales, management and legal experience. She is an attorney licensed in California and Nevada (inactive) and prior to joining SIG her private law practice focused on transactional and business law. As a business attorney, Jill focused on bringing high-quality legal services to her clients in the most cost-effective manner possible, which is the very promise at the heart of the LPO movement. Jill defines it as a movement because LPO is innovation changing the legal industry status quo for the better. SIG is a global leader in providing an ongoing forum for networking, and sharing thought leadership, innovation and “next” practices in the sourcing industry. Jill is proud to help bring the latest developments in sourcing and outsourcing to SIG members, including LPO best practices.

Jill also has over 10 years of experience sitting on non-profit boards and is Board President of the Humane Society of Truckee-Tahoe. Jill studied international law in Florence, Italy, holds a B.A. from UC-Santa Barbara and graduated cum laude from Gonzaga University School of Law.

Abhi Shah, CEO & Managing Director, Clutch Group

Abhi Shah is the Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of Clutch Group. In this role, Mr. Shah is responsible for overseeing all business operations and the overall strategic direction of the company.

Prior to Clutch Group, Mr. Shah worked with Mphasis, a global IT and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services company with over 12,000 employees. He led the sale of the company for $800 million to a leading U.S. technology services provider. Prior to MphasiS, Mr. Shah was a senior consultant at Accenture where he led multiple client engagements with Fortune 100 companies in the telecommunications and pharmaceutical industries.

In addition to his responsibilities for Clutch Group, Mr. Shah serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of Yuva Unstoppable, a 60,000-volunteer youth movement across 30 cities in India impacting over 100,000 underprivileged children in the municipal schools and slums of India. He is also the co-founder of two non-profit organizations, promoting investment and trade between the U.S. and India, and leading bi-partisan advocacy on Capitol Hill and the White House on issues of concern to the Indian American community. As part of this work, Mr. Shah helped launch the Congressional Task Force on U.S.-India Investment and Trade Relations and has led Congressional, Gubernatorial, and CEO delegations to India for talks with the Prime Minister and India's leading government and business leaders.

Mr. Shah received a BBA in Marketing with honors from Texas A&M University and an MBA from Harvard Business School. He also completed the Eisenhower Leadership Development Program led by former U.S. President George H. Bush.

Mr. Shah was born and raised in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India and currently spends most of his time in New York, although he considers his residence “on a flight between New York, Washington, DC, Chicago, Bangalore and Delhi” due to his persistent business travel obligations. Outside of his work with Clutch Group, he enjoys Hollywood and Bollywood movies, jet skiing, promoting political and trade relations between the U.S. and India.

Kunoor Chopra, Senior Vice President, Global Legal Services, UnitedLex Corporation

Kunoor Chopra is a highly experienced, U.S. attorney licensed in California and a graduate of Loyola Law School in Los Angeles. She was born in Los Angeles, California and admitted to practice in California in 1998. Kunoor started LawScribe in 2004, one of the pioneer legal process outsourcing companies which was acquired by UnitedLex in November, 2010. The acquisition added global and technological capabilities to LawScribe’s litigation, corporate and intellectual property services.

Kunoor was an associate attorney with the international law firm of Fulbright and Jaworski L.L.P. and with Nossaman. Kunoor has litigated numerous multimillion dollar cases. While she was preparing these cases for trial she realized the importance of having reliable and cost effective legal support available to law firms and their clients. It was with this in mind that she formed LawScribe in 2004 with the vision of changing the way legal services would be provided.

Kunoor is a member of the International Association of Outsourcing Professionals, and involved in their Legal Process Outsourcing and Delhi Chapters. She is a founding member of the editorial board of the Legal Process Outsourcing Network and is on the editorial board of The Outsourcer. She is on the Board of Governors for the Organization of Legal Professionals. She is on the Board of Directors for the Library Foundation of Los Angeles. She is also a member of the Los Angeles County Bar Association, The Indus Entrepreneurs, Women in E-Discovery, Asian Women Entrepreneurs, International Association of Outsourcing Professionals, International Legal Technology Association, Minority Corporate Counsel Association, California Minority Counsel Program, Association of Corporate Counsel, the National Asian Pacific American Bar Association and the South Asian Bar Association. She has had a variety of articles published on Outsourcing and the Legal Profession and has been interviewed by the press as an authority in the field of Offshore Legal Process Outsourcing. Kunoor is also a recognized speaker both in the United States and abroad in the field of Legal Process Outsourcing and has been invited to speak at conferences including NASABA, NAPABA, the State Bar of California, Legal Tech in Los Angeles and New York, International Association of Outsourcing Professionals, University of California Berkley School of Law, ALM Legal Outsourcing Conferences and Association of Legal Administrators.

Dev Ganesan, President & CEO, Aptara Inc

Under Dev Ganesan’s leadership, Aptara is playing a pivotal role in helping the world’s leading companies navigate and profit from today’s digital/mobile age. With innovative content technologies that deliver significant cost, quality and speed advantages, Aptara gives organizations the agility they need to adapt to a rapidly changing marketplace. As the former head of both private and publically held companies (Intelliworks, TRADOS, Advanced Communications Systems) Dev’s entrepreneurial drive and long track-record of operational and financial success has resulted in Aptara’s expansion and evolution − from a technology vendor to a solutions partner with unique expertise in the legal arena. With relationships spanning the entire production and distribution supply-chain, Aptara provides simultaneous content distribution via any device, outlet or platform.

Jim Boeckman, President – Right Tasking Consulting

Jim Boeckman is the President of Right-Tasking Consulting Services. He partners with General Counsels and other law department leaders to help them optimize the sourcing, management and cost of their legal resources. He also works with law firm partners to help them design innovative models for delivering legal services.

From 2002 through 2005, Boeckman was Executive Vice President and General Counsel of DuPont Photomasks, Inc., a public company with manufacturing operations in seven countries. In 2004-2005, Boeckman led the legal team in negotiations with Toppan Printing Co., Ltd., a $14 billion printing company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, for the acquisition of DPMI. Boeckman left Toppan Photomasks in 2008 to found Right-Tasking Consulting Services.

Previously Boeckman was a partner at Vinson & Elkins LLP from 1997 to 2002. His practice focused on technology-related projects. Prior to V&E, Boeckman spent over seven years as in-house counsel at Electronic Data Systems (EDS) in increasingly senior positions. He served for several years as Senior Regional Counsel for EDS Asia-Pacific, based in Australia. Prior to joining EDS, he was an associate at Locke Purnell in Dallas.

William B. Bierce, Co – Founder, Bierce & Kenerson P.C.

Bill Bierce practices outsourcing, corporate and international business law as a founding principal of Bierce & Kenerson, P.C., an award-winning law firm in outsourcing, human capital management and international business. He advises on legal and tax issues in strategic business alliances, intercompany services among affiliates, business process management, captives, the regulation of sourcing of global services and the contingent workforce. He has advised international law firms on partnership structure and strategy, in the face of the opportunities and challenges posed by global sourcing and global services.

Bill is recognized as a thought leader, innovative transactional lawyer and prolific author in legal and regulatory issues in global services. Bill is Editor-in-Chief of the e-newsletter, Outsourcing Law & Business Journal™ and the Google #1-rated website www.outsourcing-law.com.

He serves as a Board Member of The Global Sourcing Council, a non-profit that promotes sustainability practices in global sourcing, and the American Foreign Law Association. As an adjunct professor, he has taught legal and tax aspects of international business to MBA students.

Bi-lingual in English and French and conversant in legal Spanish, he holds law diplomas from NYU School of Law and University of Grenoble.

David Holme, Founder, Exigent LPO

David is a ACA who had a 14 year career in the City of London with global financial institutions. He is a founder of Exigent and a main board director. Exigent was founded in 2003 and is a leading provider of LSO and LPO to leading global law firms. The business has 5 offices globally and employs some 300 staff principally in South Africa and Australia.

Gary Hanley, Senior Vice President, Invest Northern Ireland

Gary is the head of North American operations for Invest Northern Ireland, a branch of the UK government responsible for growing the economy of Northern Ireland.

Under Gary’s leadership, Northern Ireland has seen recent investments from dynamic and fast growing North American companies including CyberSource, 3Par, ByteMobile, BTI Systems, NaviNet and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

In May 2008, Gary was instrumental in the success of the historic US:Northern Ireland Economic Conference which took place in Belfast. The conference, supported by the Bush administration, was attended by Fortune 500 executives to meet with senior political figures including Gordon Brown and Brian Cowan (UK and Irish Prime Ministers). Keynote speakers included representatives from companies such as Allstate, Citi and Bombardier who are major investors in the region.

With over fifteen years experience in the ICT industry in the US, Gary has held positions of leadership in software development, IT, sales and marketing for companies such as Sun Microsystems, GTE (now Verizon) and EMC.

David Kinnear, Co-Founder & Partner, GSSOCX

David is a frequent contributor, thought-leader on the role and growth of global sourcing & outsourcing methods & its emerging interaction with the corporate disciplines of Sustainability. In a voluntary capacity, David is Chair Elect and a co-Founder of The Global Sourcing Council.

Increasingly David works with companies seeking to leverage Sustainability as a means to achieve not only a "green agenda" but also a "way of doing business" that drives material cost savings, measurable process efficiencies and a sharper competitive edge.

In addition, David works closely with a portfolio of high-growth technology and services companies - helping to architect management strategy and support growth, leveraging BK's presence in New York and London.

An attorney by trade (a qualified UK Barrister), David has worked for leading law firms Masons and Linklaters in London, specializing in major construction & engineering contract management & litigation. In 1995, he relocated Credit Suisse's Banking & Support Operations into its new global headquarters, and then managed significant global outsourcing, shared sourcing and process efficiency initiatives during his subsequent tenure. Afterward, he moved to the provider side, working extensively with the UK, US, Philippines and China during his time with the Black Mountain Group and subsequently.

Jerome Kowalski, Founder, Kowalski & Associates

Jerome Kowalski, a nationally recognized consultant and adviser to law firms, advises law firms on a variety of matters, including strategic planning and growth, trends in the profession, partner compensation, associate hiring, compensation systems, training and retention, alternative fee arrangements, project management, law firm mergers, opening branch offices, acquiring practice groups, merger integration, marketing and related matters.

In 1995, after thirty years of practicing law in New York with some of the nation’s largest firms Jerry Kowalski formed Kowalski & Associates in Cedarhurst, New York. Jerry Kowalski’s extensive resume includes extinguish legal work, and serving as counsel for the Government of Israel’s Departments of Defense, Department of Finance, The Bank of Israel (Israel’s Central Bank), the Government of Israel’s Bureau of Engraving and Printing, El Al Israel Airlines and Clal, the second largest corporation in Israel. Jerry Kowalski also served as an adviser to Prime Ministers Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin and Benjamin Netanyahu; as well as Minister of Finance Ya’acov Ne’eman.

Michael F. Corbett, Chairman and Chief Strategy Officer, International Association of Outsourcing Professionals (IAOP)

Michael F. Corbett is one of the best-known experts in the field of outsourcing and Chairman and Chief Strategy Officer of The International Association of Outsourcing Professionals (IAOP). IAOP is the global, standard-setting organization and advocate for the outsourcing profession, with over 110,000 members and affiliates worldwide.

Mr. Corbett is also author of The Outsourcing Revolution, which John Sculley, former CEO Apple Computer calls a “clear and compelling roadmap (that) leads the reader through the systemic reinvention of work.”

Mr. Corbett speaks regularly on outsourcing as a management practice and on its impact on the global economy and global employment. In 1996, he was an expert witness on outsourcing at hearings called by Pres. Bill Clinton and, in 2002, was invited to testify before the Office of Management and Budget’s Commercial Activities Panel.

Andrew Goodman, Executive Director of Litigation Services, QuisLex, Inc

Andrew has over fourteen years of experience actively managing and supervising large, complex document reviews on antitrust, securities, commercial litigation, intellectual property and construction law matters in industries such as telecommunications, financial services, pharmaceuticals, oil/gas, healthcare, consumer products and semiconductors. He has trained multiple large teams on document review, creating privilege logs, and deposition digesting and is currently responsible for spearheading QuisLex’s litigation training programs. He also manages key substantive and administrative aspects of QuisLex’s client and vendor relationships. Andrew began his career in the LPO industry with QuisLex's subsidiary, SQ Global Solutions. Andrew received his J.D. and M.B.A. from Washington University in St. Louis and earned a B.A. with honors from the University of Michigan.

James P. Duffy, Managing Partner, Berg and Duffy LLP

Mr. Duffy is the current managing partner of the Firm, its Senior Partner, and the partner in charge of the Firm's Monaco Office that he founded in 1986. He primarily focuses on international corporate and financial transactions. He is also very active in bar association matters, currently serving as Chair of the International Law and Practice Section of the New York State Bar Association. Mr. Duffy is a frequent author and lecturer on international legal topics.

He has been a member of the New York Bar since 1968. He holds a Juris Doctor degree from Fordham University School of Law, New York City. He is also admitted to a number of Federal Courts, including the United States District Courts for the Southern and Eastern Districts of New York, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, and the United States Supreme Court. Mr. Duffy’s early legal experience included an appointment by US Senator Jacob K. Javits, who was then the Senior Senator for New York, as Counsel and Staff Director to the Republican members of the United States Senate Committee on Small Business, Washington, DC, and service as an associate at the Wall Street law firm of Cravath Swaine & Moore in New York City. Mr. Duffy is a founding member and a past Chair of the International Section of the New York State Bar Association and a permanent member of the Section’s Executive Committee. Mr. Duffy was a founding member of Berg and Duffy, a small multi-office law firm that specialized in international business, banking, and financial transactions. He is currently engaged in private practice in New York specializing in those same areas. Mr. Duffy is active in New York State Bar Association activities and is a frequent speaker on international legal topics. He is based in New York, but, during his legal career, he has founded a number of foreign branch offices for his law firm and has lived for periods of time in Europe and Latin America in connection with the management of those offices.